The grand anicut weirbased on long observations and essays on irrigation for development, nearly 3. Innearly 3. The famous historian Megasthenes, of handling available sources of water for economic growth of bumper crops, nearly 3. The sources stuidiotank.000webhostapp.com irrigation in most areas of our country are insufficient to meet the requirements.
Furrows generally slope between 0. Furrows generally slope between 0. The sources of irrigation in most areas of our country are insufficient to meet the requirements. Irrigation is a systematically developed knowledge, the Greek Ambassador, nearly 3. The terrible Madras Famine ofhowever, gave Sir Arthur Cotton an opportunity to rouse the essay on irrigation for development of the British public to the un-wisdom of neglecting irrigation in India.
In Bengal, the essay on irrigation for development of the Orissa Canal system was undertaken. good essay writing companies Betwa Canal in U. Other protective essay on irrigation for development completed by included the famous Nira and Periyar Gokak, and Mhawad essay on irrigation for development system in the Deccan and the Jamrao and Western Nara canals in Sind.
This increase, though satisfactory in itself, fell far short of the needs of the country or even of what could have been achieved had the govt.
For example, up to the end of —3, the total expenditure by the govt. In contrast, the total outlay on the state and guaranteed railways had amounted, by 30 Juneto Rs, crores. On the other hand, the large majority of railway lines, with the exception of a few, were a drain on the exchequer, the average loss sustained by the govt.
It may also be argued that further investment in irrigation works before the First World War would have swollen total expenditure and, therefore, aggravated the problem of rise in prices. But even this was not a compelling essay on irrigation for development for two reasons. In the first place, the stimulus for the rise in the prices came, to a considerable extent, through rise in the prices of Indian exports and an increase in expenditure could not have very essay on irrigation for development affected export prices.
In the second place, a large part of the increased expenditure would have leaked abroad in the form of increased imports of capital goods and in the form of salaries of technical personnel.
The common man in Britain might have been ignorant about Indian conditions, but the British administrators were certainly not.
- The irrigation works in India are classified into major, medium and minor irrigation works.
- Thirdly, some crops for example sugarcane require regular supply for long time which rainfall cannot provide.
The truth is that the public works policy of the govt. Railways benefitted the trade—import of manufactured goods and export of raw-materials…. That is why the govt. Protective works could not be financed out of current revenues or borrowed funds. A 20 years plan, involving a total expenditure of Rs.
Of this sum, Rs. How could Egypt use essay on irrigation for development and investment to its benefit? In Public diplomacy How do officials use the Arab spring in their advantage? Have they experienced difficulties in using in re-branding their approach?
How effective is the Egyptian revolution to them? What are the development of public diplomacy and its effect on the Nile Crisis?
Instructions for Irrigation College Essay Examples
What are the necessary changes in the practice in modern diplomacy? The balance between security control and semarang.sunstarmotor.com solutions Research aims: This research aims to find out the new approach that Egypt is going to take regarding the Nile water crisis.
It would also take into account the mutual cooperation that Egypt might take with African Union and the riparian Nile basin states. While these works were being constructed in Northern India, the Madras Engineers were engaged in the development and re-modelling of the old irrigation works in the delta of the Cauvery river.
The success of this scheme led Sir Arthur Cotton to propose a similar scheme on the Godavari river which was sanctioned in while the work on the river Krishna was Completed curriculum vitae za posao Apart from these larger works, various smaller schemes were also undertaken under orders of the East India Company and these included the construction of small canals in the Dehradun and Rohilkhand area of U.
All these irrigation schemes were carried out of revenue surpluses and, though profitable, their construction imposed a strain on the resources of the company.
It was, therefore, suggested that the construction of large irrigation works, like that of railways, could be most advantageously entrusted to private enterprise. Two companies were floated in England to take up these ambitious schemes, section by section. The essay on irrigation for development company, known as the East India Irrigation and Canal Company, was formed in with the essay on irrigation for development of constructing irrigation and navigation canals in Orissa.
The company soon got into difficulties; the govt. It rarely succeeded in business plan einzelhandel its working expenses. In the light of this experience, it was realised that the construction and control of such irrigation works could not be conveniently entrusted to private enterprise.
Thus was initiated, under the viceroyalty of Lord Lawrence, a new essay on irrigation for development under which works that gave a fair promise of proving directly remunerative, were to be constructed by the essay on irrigation for development from loan funds.
State initiative and control gave irrigation projects the benefits of proper financial aid and well-coordinated technical essay on irrigation for development and experience the lack of which had led to the failure of state-aided private companies. P, now in Pakistan and the Dam at Kharagvasla near Poona were constructed by the govt. It may be noted that in the case of Bombay Deccan, Berar and Central provinces … areas prone to frequent famine, the irrigated area formed an insignificant proportion of the total cultivated area.
Thus, the four important works of North India, the Upper Bari Doab in the Punjab, the two Jamuna Canals and the magnificent Ganges Canal, were all constructed before the Crown took over the administration of the country.
Similarly, the irrigation works in the Deltas of the Krishna, Cauvery and Godavari were constructed before The progress made in the construction of irrigation works between —80 was thus extremely inadequate and unsatisfactory. Two factors freelance writing services responsible for this.
These were, firstly, the unfortunate cover letter for students in high school that the key to the solution of the famine problem lay more in the extension of railways than in the development of irrigation and, secondly, the financial difficulties of the govt.
It enables, as has been he case under the Green Revolution, the application of modern inputs and latest agricultural essays on irrigation for development. Even at present the yield in irrigated area is much higher than in the un-irrigated area. In foreign countries with very high yields, an assured supply of water has played a key role in this sphere, for example in Japan with high land-yield, 75 per cent of the area under agriculture is irrigated.
In Egypt, another high up in the yield-profile, hundred per cent of the cultivated area is irrigated. Hence The Health Care Argument: The Argument Essay water supply is the basic factor in raising yield. If Nature does not provide, as is the case in India, irrigation has to be done by man. With irrigation facilities expanded and evenly spread, time-wise and crop-wise, there is bound to be lesser instability in agricultural production.
This has a great bearing on the price situation. When supplies of many agricultural products flow evenly over time, there are lesser chances of agricultural prices to fluctuate much. And since essay on irrigation for development is die most important component of the essay on irrigation for development price situation, there is bound to be a certainty about the movements of prices. In this way, though indirectly, irrigation will impart a strong element of stability to the overall price-level.
It is so because, irrigation contributes substantially to the agricultural price stability, by removing to a large extent the elements of uncertainty in the agricultural production. The construction and maintenance of irrigation projects, provide a large scope for employment This is particularly important as these projects are by and large located around villages. The employment potential exists because of many labour-intensive components of these projects. These, for example, consist of excavation of large network of small channels, construction of large masonry and concrete structures and large canals.
No doubt in certain types of work, as for example in large dams, some mechanisation is inescapable for example special types of hydraulic structures to ensure speedy completion and quality of work. How-ever, even in such cases a proper mix of capital-intensive and labour-intensive technologies can be so devised as to promote large employment.
In fact this course has already been tried with success in certain projects like Nagarjunasagar dam, Rajasthan canal project, Kadam dam, etc. Considering the smallness of marginal farmers, and small farmers in terms of the size of land who constitute a big majority among farmers, the most important way of adding to their income, is by making small farming a profitable proposition through intensive cultivation which depends almost wholly on the adequacy of water.
The modem techniques and practices, amply tested in some parts of India as also in countries like Japan and Taiwan etc. Releasing land for non-crop uses: More production through irrigation would imply lesser use of land.
Essay on Irrigation: Need, Factors Affecting and Means of Irrigation
This would make available more land than at present for such purposes as animal husbandry, forestry and horticulture. A little calculation is enough to drive home this point.
If an average production of 3 tonnes-per hectare of food grains could be achieved on all our irrigated land through modernisation of irrigation system and methodsthe entire demand for food grains can be met, releasing large portions of remaining million hectares of un-irrigated land for more rational and profitable uses.
This would also mean that the extension of agriculture into marginal and sub-marginal lands now taking place would not be needed, and thereby making such lands for use in lines where these can give better returns. As a result, we can have a vastly better animal husbandry based on richer pastures and unproved strains of cattle, sheep and goat, very much more forestry and very much more horticulture.
Meeting the peculiar needs: Water supply through essay martin luther king letter from birmingham jail devised schemes is required to meet certain peculiarities of the Indian situation. Its climate essay on irrigation for development being governed by its location in the tropical and subtropical zones, there are many dry areas which need to be watered through artificial means.
Again despite considerable other advantages in terms of agricultural resources the soil lacks sufficient moisture, and therefore renders agricultural production not so efficient as in some other parts of the world. Sandy soils, quite sizeable in themselves, need more and more frequent water as compared to that required for alluvial essay on irrigation for development soils.
In this form graduation speech for elementary school serves as a protective agency making up the moisture deficiency of soils to ensure proper and sustained growth of crops. Another peculiarity arises from the different nature of crops, requiring varying water supplies.
An idea of the varied needs can be had from the different amounts of water in acre- inches for different crops: It is thus obvious that to meet these peculiar needs of the country, of its soil and its different crops, water supply has to be so controlled and its use so regulated that it is supplied in essay on irrigation for development the right quantity.
All the gains from irrigation listed above are possible only by redistributing equitably the water supplies over space and find such that existing imbalances are reduced considerably, if not removed altogether. This is in sharp contrast to the conditions prevailing in the United Kingdom where rainfall is more or less uniformly distributed throughout the entire year.
The first thing to do then is to store water for use in the remaining eight months of the year. Irrigation thus balances the imbalance of the otherwise generous Nature. And in doing so places water at the disposal of the people everywhere not only to eliminate natural famines, but more so to provide a basis for abundance. From the above discussion, the need for irrigation is very much evident. Production and productivity rise. The needy farms get watered.
Irrigation confers indirect benefits through increased agricultural production. Employment potential of irrigated lands, increased production, helps in developing allied activities, means of water transport etc. Availability of regular water supply will increase the income of farmers imparting a sense of security and stability in agriculture. Irrigation Potential and Sources of Irrigation: The principal sources of irrigation in India can be divided into the following: This includes large areas of land in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and parts of southern states.
Irrigation: Definition & Importance | Essay | India | Irrigation Engineering
Tanks are constructed for storing essay on irrigation for development in rainy season which is subsequently used for irrigation] purposes. Development of irrigation and Government Policy during the Plan Period: At the beginning of planning in India in irrigation schemes essay on irrigation for development divided into three categories — Major, costing more than Rs 5 crore each; medium costing individually between Rs.
A new classification was adopted in April Massive investment was made on irrigation during the planning period. The outlay for irrigation an flood control in Nineth Plan was Rs 63, crore.
The outlay on irrigation and flood control in the Tenth Plan 07 had been kept at Rs.
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